Foreign workers account for nearly all civilians killed in recent strikes across the Gulf region following attacks linked to the escalating conflict involving Iran, according to officials and reports.
At least 12 civilians have died in the oil-rich Gulf states since missile and drone strikes began after military action by the United States and Israel against Iran, a tally by The New York Times found. All but one of those killed were foreign nationals working in the region.
One of the victims was Murib Zaman, a Pakistani driver who had spent two decades working in United Arab Emirates. Zaman regularly sent money to his family in northwestern Pakistan, where jobs are scarce and security conditions remain difficult.
According to Emirati authorities, Zaman died in Abu Dhabi after debris from an intercepted Iranian missile struck his vehicle.
Across the Gulf—including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman and Bahrain—millions of foreign workers form the backbone of the labor force, filling jobs in construction, transportation, sanitation and services.
In Saudi Arabia, foreign residents make up roughly one-third of the population. In the UAE and Qatar, migrants account for an estimated 80–90 percent of residents.
Strikes and falling debris
Iranian officials say their strikes target U.S. military bases and strategic interests in the region rather than civilians. However, attacks have damaged civilian infrastructure, including hotels and water desalination facilities.
Even when air defenses intercept missiles or drones, falling debris can still cause casualties.
In Kuwait City, an 11-year-old Iranian girl was killed after shrapnel struck her home. In Saudi Arabia, a Bangladeshi cleaner named Mosharraf Hossain died alongside a coworker when a projectile hit their company housing area.
Low-paid migrant workers are considered particularly vulnerable during such attacks. Many live in densely populated labor camps with limited escape routes and continue working in essential roles while wealthier residents or citizens can shelter or leave the country.
Life continues despite attacks
Despite the ongoing strikes, daily life has largely continued in Dubai, the region’s major business hub. Shops, malls and offices remain open even as emergency alerts warn residents of incoming missiles.
Some migrants say they feel relatively safe due to the Gulf states’ advanced air-defense systems and rapid emergency response.
Others remain uncertain about whether they should leave, particularly those supporting families back home. Many migrant workers are tied to employment contracts or debts, making it difficult to depart even during a crisis.
For families like Zaman’s in Pakistan, the loss is devastating. His income supported five children and extended relatives.
“The war should end soon,” said a family member. “Otherwise, poor families like ours will not survive.”